What is community-based education?
Creating Intentional Community is Goal
Community Education Curriculum (CEC) or community based education is
concerned with the active creation of positive, nurturing and intentional
communities which demonstrate a respectful reverence for all life forms
and the biophysical environment. Thus, this concept can be considered as
curriculum for community making.
In Community Education Curriculum, learners are encouraged to actively
apply concepts and information, skills or attitudes to local situations.
Curricular experiences can challenge students to identify and consider why
parts of their neighborhoods are in such disrepair and their role in continuing
such inequity to exist or desist. For example, students would not just study
pollution, but would be encouraged and provided with the opportunity to
observe, examine and hopefully reverse pollution of pond water at local
levels through a variety of actions. Multi-age teams of learners would investigate
and act together in terms of community improvement.
In CEC, the emphasis is to provide supervised, educational experiences
where learners of all ages can immediately apply some aspect of the concept
studied. Study does not end with the giving of a final examination or grading
of a research paper, but would extend classroom activity to include an action-oriented
experiment in order to observe concepts and theories in action.
In the old way of teaching, if educators are designing a Language Arts
unit related to biography, it is likely they would devise objectives to
indicate mastery of the skills of writing or interviewing for or
evaluation of biographies.
When the community educator is designing this unit, then objectives would
be evident to indicate expected skill or attitude development and expectations
related to the discovery of how individuals contribute to the quality of
community life. A unit on the collecting and writing of biographies would
focus on the production of local biographies and some part of the bio-study
would emphasize how these individuals helped to bring positive change in
their locality and the lives of people.
These projects do not need to be complicated. They work well in all curricular
areas. For example, elementary school students could design and display
posters telling about an endangered building. These junior designers will
see that their work is more purposeful when displayed to the community.
They also see that classroom work can be shown to have a direct link to
and influence on the neighborhoods they currently inhabit and will inherit
in the future.
Curriculum Goes Beyond Skills
This is not to create an either/or forced choice where community members
might fear that students would no longer be required to learn specific knowledge
skills or attitudes. However, the emphasis extends beyond mastery
of knowledge, skills or attitudes and extends into areas of what has been
called active social reconstruction: that is, creating positive nurturing
intentional communities which actively demonstrate a respectful reverence
for all life forms. Thus, the design of curricular experiences is not just
intended to convey subject matter, but to also provide opportunities to
do something in the community, whether the chosen action is to reduce waste
in landfills, help an endangered building or befriend the aged or the lonely.
Community service, which is now required for graduation in many areas,
integrated with a subject matter study, would be a new way to combine academic
pursuit with community awareness. For example, in the development of a unit
on nutrition, students could be encouraged to prepare meals for shut-ins
in the community, or hot lunches for homeless or hungry. In addition to
learning the concepts of healthy nutrition, they are applying their knowledge
and working to improve and better the quality of life at the local, community
level.
Emphasis on Problem Solvers NOT Study-ers
Community Education (CE) assists learners to become pro-active problem
solvers rather than problem study-ers. The small size of a local area may
be just small enough that problems can be viewed at a manageable level and
that mistakes in trying out solutions can be readily observed.
The Community Education approach would necessitate instruction in communication
which is the exchange and examination of differing opinions and potentially
conflicting viewpoints rather than communication skills which only serve
to teach individuals about how to trade information. Ground rules for respectful
behavior and techniques for discussions which certainly will not be value-free
are skills which will be helpful to the students both now and in the future.
In conclusion, the Community Education experience is one which includes
community-based study and action; intergenerational contact; egalitarian
partnerships; problem solving (with multilogue, documentation and research)
and is people oriented.
Resources
There is much more to be said, and the complete paper can be obtained
by writing the CACE resource below. Curriculum for Community Making.
Sharilyn Calliou. National CACE Newsletter. April 1994. pp 3-6. Write to:
National CACE Newsletter, 5703 Prospect Road, New Minas, Nova Scotia B4N
3K5, CANADA.
This article appeared in the July, 1995 archiNews. For the entire issue
and subscription information contact CUBE
Two other extremely helpful resources are, A Kid's Guide to Social
Action and A Kid's Guide to Service Projects,
both are available from archiStore.